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This report builds on the ̽»¨¾«Ñ¡â€™s previous reports "In Search of Work" and "Still In Search of Work", which reviewed progress on livelihoods commitments made by host and donor countries through the Jordan Compact from 2016 to mid 2018.

This guidance note provides ten core principles that practitioners can follow when aiming to integrate livelihoods and protection programming in urban humanitarian response, with a focus on supporting economic outcomes for beneficiaries.

Refugees in host countries like Jordan and Lebanon are desperate to rebuild their lives, but face significant barriers to finding employment.

To support agricultural recovery in long-term or post-crisis locations, the ̽»¨¾«Ñ¡ works with communities to restore agricultural assets, upgrade skills and practices, and build disaster preparedness to better protect and improve their livelihoods.

Researchers measured the cost-effectiveness of each program in terms of short-term changes in self-employment, work hours, and income.

The ̽»¨¾«Ñ¡ (̽»¨¾«Ñ¡) implemented BILLY in Nairobi, Kenya from 2019-2021. BILLY was a micro-entrepreneurship program which provided business grants and services intended to increase employment status, consumption levels, and business investments. The program focused on youth in Nairobi, particularly refugees and vulnerable populations. As part of a research study, three treatment models of BILLY were implemented, which included various combinations of direct program services, business grants, and compensatory cash grants.

The ̽»¨¾«Ñ¡ (̽»¨¾«Ñ¡) recently received a $10 million grant from the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation to implement a three-year project aimed at improving early childhood development and transforming livelihoods opportunities for refugees and host communities in Uganda

Building on new research from the ̽»¨¾«Ñ¡ on positive market conditions in Cox’s Bazar, this brief highlights the untapped potential of livelihoods programming to increase self-reliance and economic empowerment for affected communities.

The ̽»¨¾«Ñ¡ (̽»¨¾«Ñ¡) implemented an anticipatory action cash-distribution pilot among six agro-pastoralist communities in Northeast Nigeria, focused on reducing the damaging effects of flooding. Prior to the flood season of 2022, the ̽»¨¾«Ñ¡ set up an early warning system with local hydrometeorological agencies to trigger pre-flooding cash distribution to resource-constrained communities vulnerable to flooding. The program aimed to improve the adaptive capacities of these communities through improved systems for information sharing about climate risks and severity, and resource access to undertake mitigation measures. Researchers measured the cost-effectiveness of a pre-flooding cash distribution triggered by the early warning system, as compared to traditional post-shock resource disbursement. 1,450 households were randomly assigned to receive pre- or post-shock distributions. Low cost transfer ratios, in addition to positive impact evaluation results, suggest that the pre-shock modality may be more cost-effective than business-as-usual post-shock transfers. The Anticipatory Cash project cost $695 per household receiving pre-shock cash transfers, which drops to $610 per household without system set-up activities. 71% of total group costs went to the cash grant itself. Similar cost-transfer ratios between pre- and post-shock groups suggest that the anticipatory cash response is just as cost-efficient as the post-shock modality.